Description
Mikhail Gorbachev (1931–2022) was the last leader of the Soviet Union, serving as General Secretary of the Communist Party from 1985 until its dissolution in 1991. He introduced major reforms through glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring), aiming to modernize the Soviet system and increase transparency. Gorbachev played a crucial role in ending the Cold War, reducing nuclear tensions, and improving relations with the West. His policies, however, also accelerated internal challenges that led to the collapse of the USSR. Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1990, Gorbachev is remembered as a reformer whose legacy reshaped global politics.
